Electric Energy Meter Verification Regulations
The electric energy meters currently used in my country can be divided into two types: electromechanical AC energy meters and electronic energy meters. The electromechanical AC energy meters and electronic energy meters are divided into single-phase energy meters for lighting and three-phase energy meters for industrial power.
The two verification regulations of the national electric energy meter require that no matter what type of electric energy meter (electromechanical or electronic) is detected, the current passing through each detection point of the electric energy meter. As long as the common factor is 1 and 0.5, the detected difference value meets the requirements of the electric meter regulations, and the electric meter is judged to be qualified. Exceeding the specification error requirements, it will be judged unqualified. And the amount of current passing through the detected electric energy meter is divided into full load (100%) and light load (20%, 10%). For a qualified electric energy meter, the value displayed on the scale of the electric energy meter in the unit period of use can be used as the basis for how much electricity the user consumes. And use this value as the amount of payment and collection of trade settlement between the two.
If the current of the detection point shows a positive error during the detection, it means that the actual power consumption of the electric energy meter is less than the electric energy indicated by the electric energy meter. If the settlement is based on the amount of electricity shown on the meter, the user will have to pay more if the interests are damaged. When the error is negative, it means that the actual electricity consumption of the electricity meter is greater than the electricity shown by the electricity meter. If the amount of electricity is settled according to the electricity meter, the power supply department should charge less if the interests are damaged. Therefore, electric energy meters that exceed the positive and negative errors of the national verification regulations shall not be used, which is the requirement for the first verification of electric meters.
However, the positive and negative errors of many electric energy meters meet the requirements of the verification regulations during the first verification. After a period of use, due to the influence of many factors, there will be out-of-tolerance phenomena, which will cause economic disputes. The way to deal with this kind of disputes is to refund or collect the difference in electricity bills based on the error value of the verification certificate issued by the arbitration department. In the arbitration verification, the judgment is made in strict accordance with the error value of the national verification regulations. However, there is a practical problem here. According to the requirements of the regulations, this error value is only the data display value of the full load and light load detection points of the electric energy meter. Whether it can reflect the real power consumption is debatable.
Because the rated current of the electric energy meter used by each user is different. The power supply sector is facing thousands of households, both lighting and industrial electricity. The power supply current will not be too large or too small when outputting, and the power of electrical appliances used by each user is also different. Not the rated maximum and minimum currents of the meter, nor the full and light load currents. It must be a medium load of 60% to 70% of the rated current. When there is a dispute between the user and the power supply department in the trade settlement due to the meter error, and an arbitration verification is required, it is obviously inappropriate for us to judge the actual error of electricity consumption only by the current error of full current and light load. In real work, we often encounter users who take the meter to the arbitration test I request. After the results of the verification certificate are issued, it is still because of the inconsistency of the full load and light load errors, and sometimes the difference is large, and they are unwilling to carry out trade settlement for electricity consumption, return or reimburse electricity consumption costs, and all parties are looking for errors that are beneficial to themselves. If the choice of large industrial electricity users is different, it may have a great impact on the interests of all parties.
If the medium 65% load error is directly specified in the national verification regulations, the above problems will be solved easily. Therefore, the author suggests that the two national verification regulations for electric energy meters should be revised, and a 65% medium load inspection point should be added. And it is recommended that when issuing the energy meter measurement arbitration verification certificate report, the power consumption error of 65% of the detection points and the power consumption error data of other load detection points should be issued together.
