Propagation Characteristics of Medium and Short Waves

Medium wave (frequency 300kHz-3MHz) is mainly propagated by ground waves, but its high section can also be reflected by the ionosphere at night and is mainly used for broadcasting and navigation.

Short wave (frequency 3MHz-30MHz), mainly through ionospheric reflection, through one or more hops, to achieve long-distance propagation. However, the propagation of short waves is obviously affected by changes in the ionosphere, the signal propagation is not stable enough, and sometimes communication is interrupted.

Compared with long-wave, short-wave communication antennas are smaller in size, lower in production cost and flexible in establishing links. Therefore, in today's increasingly mature satellite communication and optical fiber communication, shortwave communication is still recognized as a cheap, simple, convenient, and reliable means of long-distance communication, and is widely used in international broadcasting (such as CRI, BBC) and long-distance point-to-point communication and other fields.

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