From 2G, 3G To 4G, Why Mobile Networks Are Developing Faster Than Wired Broadband
In terms of cable broadband, let's talk about ADSL first. It can be seen from the ITU-T database that the formulation of the first technical standard version was completed in about 1999, which can provide a theoretical downlink rate of about 8Mbs and a theoretical line rate of more than 800 Kbps. What is the development of mobile communication technology at this time? At this time, the 3GPP organization has just completed the formulation of the R99 version. R99 mainly defines a new 5MHz wideband code division multiple access network per carrier frequency, and adopts key CDMA technologies such as power control, soft handover and softer handover. The famous WCDMA was written into the R99 specification as an air interface technology, and it was commercialized in Japan in 2000 the following year. At this time, WCDMA can provide a theoretical downlink rate of 2Mbps and a theoretical line rate of 384Kbps. Push the time further back to 2002 and 2003. At this time, the cable broadband has reached ADSL2, and the GPON specification has also begun to take shape. EPON has completed the standardization at about this time, and the cable broadband at this time has suddenly pulled the speed to the Gbps level. What about mobile communications? At this time, 3GPP has almost completed the formulation of the R5 version, the HSDPA technology has been introduced, and the theoretical downlink rate has been raised to 14.4Mbps (upstream unchanged).
Push the time further back to 2002 and 2003. At this time, the cable broadband has reached ADSL2, and the GPON specification has also begun to take shape. EPON has completed the standardization at about this time, and the cable broadband at this time has suddenly pulled the speed to the Gbps level. What about mobile communications? At this time, 3GPP has almost completed the formulation of the R5 version, the HSDPA technology has been introduced, and the theoretical downlink rate has been raised to 14.4Mbps (upstream unchanged).
GPON: The latest generation broadband passive optical integrated access standard has many advantages such as high bandwidth, high efficiency, large coverage, and rich user interfaces.
EPON: The Ethernet passive optical network adopts a point-to-multipoint structure and passive optical fiber transmission to provide a variety of services on the Ethernet.
Pushing back the time, it was almost 2008, 2009, and 2010. At this time, 3GPP has almost completed the formulation of the R8/R9 version. LTE was introduced in R8 and perfected in R9. The theoretical downlink rate is 150Mbps. At this time, wired broadband has entered the level of 10G PON (passive optical fiber network), which can provide a theoretical maximum downlink rate of 10Gbps.
Then to now, 3GPP has developed to R12 version, and after LTE has evolved to LTE-Advanced, through five-carrier aggregation and MIMO technology, it can provide a theoretical downlink rate of about 1.5Gbps. In terms of wired broadband, it has also stepped into the 40G PON level.
As far as practical applications are concerned, the current EPON/GPON can also reach a rate of 1Gbit/s in actual commercial use. The most important thing is that this rate is a rate that a single user can share exclusively, while the 150Mbps of LTE is a rate shared by all users in a cell. Not to mention that in the face of a harsh wireless environment, the overall capacity has to be discounted.
Therefore, whether it is mobile communication technology or wired broadband access technology, in fact, both are constantly developing to meet people's needs in different scenarios.
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